ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan, sebaliknya, kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat. Active voice lebih sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice. Namun demikian, sering kita temukan passive voice di surat-surat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan karena object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan subject-nya.

Rumus     : Subject + Verb + Object AKTIF     : He painted the house	Bentuk kalimat pasif be + V3 (past partiviple)
Rumus     : Subject + be + Verb PASIF      : The house was painted by him	Objek dalam kalimat aktif “the house” menjadi subjek dalam kalimat pasif. Kedua kalimat tersebut memiliki arti sama.
AKTIF : Naura came yesterday PASIF : (Tidak bisa dibuat pasif)	Yang digunakan dalam kalimat pasif hanya kata kerja transitif (kata kerja yang diikuti/memiliki objek). Kata kerja intransitif (kata kerja yang tidak diikuti objek), seperti come, sleep, happen, seem, tidak bisa digunakan dalam kalimat pasif.

Contoh Kalimat Aktif dan Pasif

AKTIF	PASIF
Simple present : Dio write a letter Present continuous : Dio is writing a letter Present perfect : Dio has written a letter Present perfect continuous : Dio has been writting a letter	A letter is written by Dio A letter is being written by Dio A letter has been written by Dio (Jarang sekali digunakan)
Simple past : Dio wrote a letter Past continuous :  Dio was writing a letter Past perfect : Dio had written a letter Past perfect continuous : Dio had been writting a letter	A letter was written by Dio A letter was being written by Dio A letter had been written by Dio (Jarang sekali digunakan)
Simple past future: Dio would write a letter Past future continuous :  Dio would be writing a letter Past future perfect : Dio would have written a letter Past future perfect continuous : Dio would have been writting a letter	A letter would be written by Dio (Jarang sekali digunakan) A letter would have been written by Dio (Jarang sekali digunakan)
Simple future: Dio will write a letter Future continuous :  Dio will be writing a letter Future perfect : Dio will have written a letter Future perfect continuous : Dio will have been writting a letter	A letter will be written by Dio (Jarang sekali digunakan) A letter will have been written by Dio (Jarang sekali digunakan)

Artikel

Indonesia accepts FIFA ban on national coach

The Jakarta Post | Thu, 04/19/2012 1:13 PM 

Aji Santoso: (Tribunnews.com)

Indonesia coach Aji Santoso has been banned for four games and fined by FIFA for accusing match officials of taking bribes during a 10-0 loss to Bahrain in World Cup qualifying ^[1]. The Indonesian Football Association and Santoso said on Wednesday they accepted the punishments but didn't rule out an appeal. Santoso, now coaching the national under-23 side, was fined $6,530.

Santoso was red-carded by Lebanese referee Andre Al Haddad in the 75th minute of february's match in Manama following allegations he accused Al Haddad of being bribed ^[2]. FIFA said Santoso told the officials “(there is) money involved (here).” ^[3]. In the second minute, Al Haddad sent off Indonesia's goalkeeper and awarded four penalties to Bahrain, which needed to make up a nine-goal deficit on Qatar to have a chance of advancing to the next round.

However, Qatar drew 2-2 with Iran, and those two advanced. FIFA called the outcome "unusual" and launched an investigation. Indonesia was warned by FIFA before the match to send its strongest team, but an inexperienced team was selected after Indonesia suspended players from clubs in the breakaway Indonesian Super League. Edi Ellison, the spokesman for the Indonesian association, said they will wait to decide on an appeal after the result of FIFA's probe. Because of the loss to Bahrain and the breakaway league, the government was planning to cut funding to the association.

Sumber :

http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/04/19/indonesia-accepts-fifa-ban-national-coach.html

Penjelasan :

1.      Indonesia coach Aji Santoso has been banned for four games and fined by FIFA for accusing match officials of taking bribes during a 10-0 loss to Bahrain in World Cup qualifying ^[1]. Kalimat Passive Voice di atas masuk kedalam bagian Present Perfect.

2.      Santoso was red-carded by Lebanese referee Andre Al Haddad in the 75th minute of February's match in Manama following allegations he accused Al Haddad of being bribed ^[2].Kalimat Passive Voice di atas masuk kedalam bagian Simple Past.

3.      FIFA said Santoso told the officials “(there is) money involved (here).”^[3]. Kalimat Passive Voice di atas masuk kedalam bagian Simple Present.